泰州市出国劳务人员国外健康相关行为分析

Analysis of Health-related Behaviors among Labors Abroad from Taizhou

目的对泰州市出国劳务人员健康相关行为现状进行调查分析,为在该人群中采取有效的健康教育和预防措施提供依据。方法在劳务人员出国前以随机原则及1︰1匹配原则分为实验组和对照组,归国后通过问卷获得他们在国外期间健康相关行为方面的信息,并对两组相关行为进行比较。结果实验组的健康相关知识知晓率由52.1%提高到74.9%,对照组的由50.6%提高到63.4%,干预后实验组的知识知晓率、提高程度均显著高于对照组。两组健康相关行为统计显示:除饭前便后洗手、每天刷牙2次以上在两组之间有显著性差异(P<0.01)外,其他日常生活行为及高危行为在两组间均无显著性差异。结论认知水平的高低不是影响高危行为发生的唯一因素,但低认知必然会导致高比例的危险行为。健康知识的传播干预是必不可少的,当目标人群掌握一定知识后,应更多关注影响行为的社会因素和心理因素。

Objective To Investigate and analyze health-related behaviors among labors abroad from Taizhou, so as to provide a basis of effective health education and prevention measures for target group. Methods Labors abroad were divided into the trial group and the control group by random and 1:1 matched case-control method before going abroad. A questionnaire survey was conducted in the two groups to collect the information of health-related behaviors after returning, and the data were compared. Results The health knowledge rate of the trial group increased from 52.1% to 74.9% and that of the control group increased from 50.6% to 63.4%. After intervention, the knowledge rate and it’s iccreasing level in the trial group were significantly higher than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in daily life behaviors and high-risk behaviors between the two groups except for the habit of washing hands before meals and after feces and daily brushing over twice (P<0.01). Conclusion Knowledge level is not the only factor which results in high-risk behaviors. However, the low knowledge must result in the high proportion risk behaviors. The intervention of health knowledge communication is necessary. We should pay more attention to the social and psychological factors influencing behaviors when the target group has grasped some knowledge.