陕西农村改水地区居民洗手行为调查分析

Analysis of Residents’ Behaviors of Washing Their Hands in Shaanxi Rural Water Supply Area

目的了解农村改水地区居民洗手行为的养成情况。方法采取分层随机抽样法,对300户农村家庭中的所有成员进行现场观察和记录。结果在观察到的洗手关键事件中,饭前有718人次(40.0%),便后有472人次(26.3%),准备食物前有343人次(19.2%),居前三位。从人员构成上,女性有964人次,占53.7%,远高于其它人员。观察对象在规定的关键事件中用皂洗手者165人次,用皂洗手率为9.2%。不同人群的用皂洗手情况,女性洗手用皂者101人次,用皂洗手率为10.5%;男性洗手用皂者38人次,用皂洗手率为9.4%;学生洗手用皂者17人次,用皂洗手率为7.8%;学龄前儿童洗手用皂者9人次,用皂洗手率为4.3%。结论我省农村改水地区居民用皂洗手率很低,培养基本健康行为依然是农村健康教育与健康促进的主要任务。

Objective To find out rural residents’ behaviors of washing hands with soap in Shaanxi water supply area. Methods By the stratified sampling, 300 rural families were interviewed with behavior observation table made by project experts. Results In all observed events, 718 (40.0%) washed hands before meals, 472 (26.3%) did after toilet, 343 (19.2%) did before preparing food. These rank the top three. For the staff composition, there are 964 (53.7%) female persons, higher than other staff. The observed subjects washed hands with soap by 165 person-time in the prescribed events. The rate of washing hands with soap was 9.2%. Among different groups, women washed hands with soap by 101 (10.5%) person-time. Men washed their hands with soap by 38 (9.4%) person-time. Students washed their hands with soap by 17 (7.8%) person-time. Pre-school children washed their hands with soap by 9 (4.3%) person-time. Conclusion The rate of hand-washing with soap is low among the residents in rural water supply area. Training basic health behaviors, such as washing hands is still one of the main tasks in rural health education and promotion.