上海市虹口区中学生吸烟现状调查分析

An Investigation about Smoking Knowledge and Attitudes of Middle School Students in Hongkou District

目的了解虹口区中学生吸烟现状及其对吸烟相关问题的认知情况,探索吸烟行为的影响因素,为今后学校的控烟行为干预及效果评价提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样,用统一的调查表进行问卷调查。结果被调查的480名学生中,男性222人(46.25%),女性258(53.75%)人,平均年龄16.78岁;尝试吸烟率为17.92%;吸第一支烟的原因主要是好奇和受他人影响;吸过100支以上且最近一个月也吸烟的为15人,全部为职校学生;吸烟与膀胱癌、冠心病、口腔癌关系的认识,各年级的学生认识存在显著性差异(P<0.05);吸烟与肺癌、慢支、肺气肿和高血压、中风的关系,各年级的学生没有显著性差异。结论中学生的吸烟现状不容乐观。应加大学校和社会环境的控烟力度,加强控烟法规的执行和无烟学校的创建,开展多种形式的健康教育,才能有效地降低青少年吸烟率。

Objective To know the smoking situation of middle school students in Hongkou district of Shanghai,and analyze the possible influential factors and give suggestions for smoking control programmers in middle school.Methods Using stratified random sampling method, 3 schools were selected.In each school, all the classes in one grade were random selected.480 students were investigated with unified questionnaires for their knowledge, attitude and practice.Results In these students, the number of male students were 222(46.25%), female students 258(53.75%).Their average age was 16.78.The rate of attempting smoking was 17.92%;the main reason of their first smoking attempting was'curiosity'and'influenced by others'.15 students had smoked at least 100 cigarettes and more than one month.All of them were vocational school students.There exists significant difference in statistics(P<0.05)among students in different grades in their knowledge of the relationship of smoking with bladder carcinoma, coronary artery disease and oral cancer.For the relationship of smoking with lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, hypertension and apoplectic, they show no difference in statistic(P>0.05).Conclusion The current situation of students' smoking in middle school is not optimistic.We should do more in smoking control, not only in social circumstances but also in schools, strengthen the implementation of smoking control regulations and establishing non-smoking schools.Only by developing various forms of health education on smoking can the smoking rate among adolescences be reduced.