强制戒毒人员孤独感与应对方式的研究

Study on the Loneliness of Forced Drug-relief Persons and the Countermeasures

目的考察强制戒毒机构中吸毒人员的孤独感、应付方式的关系及影响因素。方法随机抽取338名强制戒毒机构中的吸毒人员,使他们完成"感情与社会孤独量表(ESL)"、"特质应对方式问卷"和"自编的一般情况调查表"。结果社会孤独和感情孤独与积极应对存在显著负相关;社会孤独与消极应对存在显著正相关;消极应对存在显著性别差异;情感孤独存在显著婚姻差异;社会孤独存在显著文化程度差异;毒龄越长积极应对分数越高;情感孤独和积极应对在文化和毒龄这两个维度上存在交互作用;被试者认为自己戒毒成功的重要因素是家人及社会的支持和个人努力;认为自己戒毒不会成功的,被试者的孤独分数显著高于认为会成功的被试者的分数。结论孤独感与应对方式有联系;孤独感与应对方式受性别、婚姻、文化程度及毒龄的影响;家人及社会的支持和个人努力是戒毒成功最主要的因素。

Objective To investigate the relationship and influential factors between loneliness and coping styles of drug addict in drug-relief reformatory. Methods 338 drug addicts were randomly investigated with emotional and social loneliness scale,trait coping style questionnaire,self-compiled investigation questionnaire. Results Social loneliness and emotional loneliness had significantly negative correlation with positive coping style,while social loneliness had significantly positive correlation with negative coping style. Negative coping styles were significantly different between sexes. Emotional loneliness was significantly different on marriage. Social loneliness was significantly different on educational background. The higher the scores on positive coping style,the longer the years of drugging are. Emotional loneliness and positive coping was interactive on educational background and years of drugging. Subjects thought that the most important factors of successfully quitting drug addiction were the support from family and society and individual effort. Subjects who thought their drug-relief unsuccessful scored significantly higher on emotional and social loneliness scale than those who thought it successful. Conclusion Loneliness is related to coping style,with the influence from sex,marriage,education background and years of drugging. The major factors for successfully quitting drug addiction are the support from family and society and individual effort.