公司设限股权转让效力新解——基于江苏公司纠纷案件裁判的法律经济学分析

On Company Restricted Equity Transfer Efficacy——A Legal Economics Analysis Based on Judgment of Company Dispute Lawsuit in Jiangsu Province

现行《公司法》第72条第4款允许有限公司章程对股权转让另行规定后,法学理论界有关公司限制股权转让规则本身效力的争议已经不多,但公司设限股权转让的效力究竟如何,仍无定论。江苏作为经济文化大省,各级法院有关公司纠纷案件裁判的实践经验及理论成果,在国内司法实务界往往具有先导作用,而就上述争议的裁判却难能把握分寸,包括公司按照章程设限收回处分股权、公司根据其他约定收回处分股权,以及股东违反章程设限转让股权三种行为效力的认定,都有相互矛盾的判决,在一定程度上影响了法院声誉以及法制统一。用法律经济学方法对其进行梳理剖析,找出问题所在,揭示一般规律,不仅可对全国各地法院公司纠纷案件裁判提供有益指导,有助于提高其裁判水平,而且也能澄清法律经济学本土化进程中的认识误区,推动我国公司法理学的完善。

After the New Company allows company constitution to set special restrictive rules for equity transfer(Article 72,Paragraph 4),controversies around efficacy of the restrictive rules are hardly seen any more.However,the efficacy of transferred equity under restriction is yet still an unresolved issue.As a major province in terms of economy and culture,Jiangsu province takes lead in nation-wide legal practice,through actual lawsuit judgment as well as academic studies by various levels of courts.Nevertheless,regarding the issue stated above, there is never a convincing guiding principle,including cognizing efficacy of 1)company withdraw of disposed equity according to constitution,2)company withdraw of disposed equity according to other agreements,and 3)shareholder transfer of restricted equity against constitution. There have been contradictory judgments historically,negatively effecting judicial reputation and legal system unification.The paper aims at identifying issue and generalizing,using legal economics deep-dive analysis,to clarify false perception in legal economics localization, contribute to consummating domestic Company Jurisprudence,and to provide guidance to real judiciary practice.