中国法制史研究中的“史实”与“史识”

The"History Fact"and"History Cognition"in Chinese Law History Research

中国传统伦理法思想是研究中国法制史的基础理论,它准确描述了中国古代社会自身对法的认识、所处的法制环境、准确的行为标准,以及对中国传统法的理念追求。中国法制史研究如果缺乏伦理法的方法指导,它就没有活力,就会成为一具无灵魂的躯壳或僵尸,就会逐渐失去存在的价值。即使我们将中国古代的法律按照现代西方法律的分类标准分得再细,如民法、刑法、诉讼法、经济法等,对我们今天的法制技术来说也不过形同玩物而没有法学价值,并可能最终导致中国法制史学的衰微。当"史实"和"史识"被混淆时,面对那些用西方法学的结构与概念来对中国法制史的"雕刻"时,我们如果仍然无动于衷,那么我们就会被"史识"掩盖了"史实"。在"史实"和"史识"之间,我们需要的是用现代的思维方式来看待传统的法律文化,而不是用现代的模式来改造中国传统的法律文化。

The thinking of Chinese traditional ethics law is the fundamental theory in Chinese law history research,it describes in Chinese ancient society the cognition of law,the legal system,the correct mode of conduct and the idea pursuit of Chinese traditional ethics law.If it lacks the guidance of methodology of ethics law,Chinese law history research would lose vigor and become a shell without soul and lose existence value gradually.Ancient Chinese laws can be divided into several categories by the criteria of western law system: civil law,criminal law,procedure law,economic law,etc,however,this is nothing more than a plaything to modern legal system,and could finally lead to the decline of Chinese law history research.When'history fact'and'history cognition'are confused,facing Chinese law history being carved by western legal concepts and mechanism,we are confused by'history cognition'concealed by'history fact'.Between these two items,we need modern thought to view traditional law culture,rather than to modify Chinese traditional law by modern modes.