“宁可”类句式对取舍项语义结构形态的变异要求

Variation Requirement of Semantic Structural Categories of Elective Items From ningke-Like Sentence Pattern

本文从选择句式中 p、q 两个取舍项的语义结构形态入手,说明了"宁可"类句式不同于其他选择句式的特质。文章提出"宁可"类句式把二元语义对立词语强制性地变异为四元语义对立词语后,才加以选择,而且一定要选择其语义框架中的(甲 B)(乙 A)作为 p、q 两个取舍项,是该句式的基本特征。在极性语义对立词语与多元语义对立词语作为"宁可"类句式的取舍项时,句式中 p、q 有两种语义结构形态:一部分词语表现为三元语义对立,另一部分词语被强制性地变异为四元语义对立词语。"宁可"类句式就是在这样的语义结构形态的基础上做出选择的。

Starting with analyzing the semantic structural categories of the alternatve items in selective clauses.This paper presents some specific features of sentence pattern like ningke sentence.This paper points it out that it is the basic features of the sentence pattern like ningke that:after the dualism semantic contrast expressions being obligatorily changed into quaterlism semantic contrast expressions,sentence pattern like ningke choose the(甲 B)and(乙 A)as the two selected items (that is p and q).When the polarity semantic contrast expressions and multi-contrast-expressions being as the selective items of the sentence pattern like ningke,there are two structural categories: one kind is that some expressions show triadic semantic contrast,the other is that some expressions are obligatorily changed into quarterlism semantic contrast.On the basis of such semantic structural category,the sentence pattern like ningke comes into being.