北方汉语(V+)“着”字的语音史

The Phonetic History of (V+)zhe(着) in Northern Chinese

本文讨论(V+)"着"的语音史。与学者们研究多年的(V+)"着"的语法史相呼应,展现(V+)"着"的学术全貌。揭示(V+)"着"在元明清通语(或官话)中发生的连环音变:着>者>只>之;揭示明清时期北京话歌戈韵"着"[t■■]>现代汉语的"着"[t■■]。近代汉语(V+)"着"被离析为"之"[t■■](官话)与"着"[t■■](京语),由于北京音升格为标准音,"着"[t■■]兴,"之(子)"[ts(?)] (tsi)降。东北方言动后"子"与句后"者"的来源。

This paper investigates the phonetic history of (V+)zhe(着)in Northern Chinese.In concert with the syntactic history of (V+)zhe(着), which has been thoroughly studied, this paper makes a complete description of this word. (V+) zhe(着) had undergone a phonetic change from [tso]in Beijing Dialect of Ming and Qing to [t■■]in Modern Chinese. [t■■] in Mandarin had had a competition with [t■■] in Beijing Dialect, and the later finally won as the rise of Beijing Dialect. This process also helps explain the origin of zi(子) after a verb and zhe(者) at the end of a sentence in Modern Southeast Dialect.