英汉动物词喻人义位统计分析及差异成因初探

A Contrastive Statistical Analysis of Human-oriented Sememes in English and Chinese

动物词喻人是英语和汉语中常见的现象。本文对英语和汉语动物词获得的喻人义位作了结构、语域、语义层级、感情色彩、引申方式等项目的分类统计。根据统计结果进行的分析显示。英汉语动物词喻人义位数目不同,主要是由于两种语言中词受语言韵律制约的方式不同,影响了比喻义位的获得。这一研究发现进一步揭示了语言共性与个性的对立统一。

The employment of animal words to refer to people is very common in both English and Chinese.This paper is to make classificatory statistics of animal words in English and Chi- nese on their formation,register,semantic hierarchy,emotional connotation,and mecha- nism,to elaborate their adoption of human-oriented sememes.The study of major factors for those differences between the two languages shows that the prosody of languages is the main reason for them.The two languages have different prosodic constrains on words whose adop- tion of human-orient sememes are thus affected.The result of the study reveals the unity of commonness and individuality in languages