摘要
本文将中古汉语看成一个平面,从泛时的角度以动词为中枢探讨中古汉语"完成"语义范畴的表达体系。从结构层次看,中古时期表达"完成"语义的句子在结构上由四个层次构成,即:1)核心动词;2)动相成分;3)动后成分,如"毕""竟""讫"等显性范畴;4)动前成分,如"既""曾""已"等。这四级结构层次构成了三级表达体系,即:中心情状、时制标记、体标记。在这一表达体系下衍生出了不同的表达模式,而此表达体系和模式奠定了汉语"完成"语义表达的基本框架并影响至今。
Based on panchronic perspectives,this paper studies the coding system of 'completion' semantics in Mandarin Chinese.The means of 'completion' semantics are composed of four levels,namely,(i) lexemic level;(ii) phase;(iii)the following constitute of the verbs,such as overt category,bi,jing,qi;(iv) the anterior constitute of the verbs, such as ceng,ji,yi temporal adverbs.The four levels form three hierarchical coding systems: core situation,tense marker,and aspect marker.Derived from this system,different coding models are produced.This frame of 'completion' semantics category is established in Medieval Chinese,and works on up to the present time.
出处
《南开语言学刊》
CSSCI
2010年第1期71-80,187,共11页
Nankai Linguistics
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(08JC740005)的阶段性成果
关键词
中古汉语
泛时
“完成”语义
表达系统
Medieval Chinese
panchronic
'completion' semantics
coding system