奥巴马改革对美国资本主义模式的影响

President Obama' s " New Foundation" Program and the Impact on US Capitalism

次贷金融危机的爆发,暴露了近30年来美国经济增长所蕴涵的结构性矛盾,即产业经济与金融经济的失衡、劳资力量对比的失衡,以及各部门收入与负债规模的失衡。为了缓和这些结构性矛盾,奥巴马总统提出了"新基础"改革纲领。这主要包括:推动资本运动一定程度的去金融化,推动劳资市场关系一定程度的去自由化,推动经济增长一定程度的去债务化,以及由"单边主义"转向"巧实力"的霸权主义全球战略。从历史趋势看,奥巴马的"新基础"改革纲领有助于美国资本主义经济内在矛盾的缓和,具有其历史合理性,将对未来美国资本主义模式产生深远影响。

The recent financial crisis has uncovered the constructional conflicts in US economic growth of the late 30 years. The main conflicts consist of three unbalances which are the unbalance of the real economy and the financial sector, the unbalance of the capital and the labor, and the unbalance of the national income and the domestic debt. To solve these conflicts, President Obama put forward the 'New Foundation' program to promote economic reforms which include four parts, the de-financialization of the capital movement, the de-liberalization of the labor market, decreasing the debt's contribution rate for the GDP, and converting to Smart Power global strategy. In the long run, the New Foundation program would moderate the constructional conflicts in US economy and would produce a far-reaching influence to US capitalism.