生产函数中的“加总难题”

The " Aggregation Problem " in the Production Function

资本的异质性所引发的异质品的加总问题,一直是经济学中无法回避的难题。异质品加总的困难不仅使新古典生产函数遭受质疑,还波及到以生产函数为基础的分配理论。本文在剖析加总悖论的基础上指出,总量计量与分配变量的相互影响是悖论产生的根本原因,它不仅使加总成为难题,而且以总量为基础的分配也受到干扰。无论是以技术关系为基础的分配理论,还是以社会关系为基础的分配理论,只要分配的结果影响到总量的计量,那么在同一总量中考察分配的变动将成为不可能,分配理论面临困扰。为总量寻找新的形成机制和计量方法使其独立于分配的变动,这将为分配理论的发展开辟更广的空间。

The aggregation of heterogeneous capital is always argued in economics.The difficulty in aggregating heterogeneous goods challenges neoclassical production function as well as distribution theory.This paper studies the paradox in aggregation and finds that it is rooted in the interwinning of aggregation and distribution.The paradox makes the aggregation difficult and disturbs the distribution.For the distribution theory based on both technical relations and social relations,it is impossible to discuss the distribution changes in an unchanged aggregation as long as the aggregation and distribution are mutually interfering.The distribution theory is in trouble.Thus,we need to find a new method for aggregation in order to make it independent of distribution.This will open up broader space for the development of distribution theory.