从“国进民退”之争看国企在宏观调控中的作用

The Role of State-Owned Enterprises in the Macro-Economic Control and Adjustment Under the Dissension of "the Stated Sector Forward as the Private Sector Backward"

从客观统计数据看,所谓的"国进民退"现象并不存在,所有制改革继续朝着既定的目标前进。而部分学者和媒体对这一虚构命题热炒的背后,存在着三种倾向性态度:用"国企低效垄断"论来否定国企;用"球员裁判兼任"论来否定宏观调控;用"好坏市场经济"论来质疑社会主义市场经济体制。这些观点都不符合实情。国企在行为目标上具有经营与公共属性,在产权组织结构上坚持全民所有和政府主导,在决策激励机制和监控评价机制上严格执行相关程序和规定,在经营决策管理上发挥党组织的作用,这些都有效保障了国企在宏观调控中具有不可替代的作用。此次各国应对金融危机的手段之一就是"国有化",这从一个侧面也表明"国进民退"并非是一种倒退。因此,应当保持国有经济对国民经济的控制力,继续改革和完善国有企业,而不是消灭国有企业。

The so-called phenomenon of 'the stated sector forward as the private sector backward' doesn't exist on the basis of statistical data.In fact there is a tendency to question the state-owned enterprises,macroeconomic control and the socialist market economic system,behind the fictional concept made by some media and scholars.The state-owned enterprises have special behavioral targets, special property rights structure and special mechanism of decision-making,excitation and supervision. The party plays an important role in the daily activities of state-owned enterprises.These ensure the significant effect of the state-owned enterprises in macroeconomic readjustment and control. Nationalization is one of the important measures to respond to the financial crisis.We should push on the reform and improvement of the state-owned enterprises,and strengthen the controlling capabilities of the state-owned economy on the national economy.