中国公法中公共利益条款的文本描述和解释

The Analysis of Public Interest Clauses in Chinese Public Law

在现行中国法中,有宪法、55部公法法律、87件行政法规、9部司法解释规定了公共利益;关于"公共利益"的用法及类似表述有近20种;公共利益的表述方式主要有概括规定、列举规定、示例规定等三种;界定公共利益表现出概括性实体化倾向;设置公共利益的目的分为四种;要形成对公共利益的共识,需平衡公共利益与个人利益,应采用示例加排除的立法模式对公共利益具体化。

In current Chinese law,there is constitution,55 public laws,87 administrative regulations and 9 judicial interpretations which define 'public interest'.The usages and similar expressions of 'public interest' amount to approximately 20.The expression approaches of 'public interest' mainly are general provisions,listing rules and example rules.The definition of 'public interest' tends to be generalized and substantialized.And there are four kinds of purposes for setting public interest.The consensus on 'public interest' calls for keeping balance between the public and private interest,and using the legislative model of example and exclusion to externalize public interest.