北京市大兴区居民家庭健康测量工具配备及使用情况调查分析

Survey of home health measurement tools and equipment and their usage among household in Daxing district of Beijing

目的了解北京市大兴区居民家庭健康测量工具配备和使用情况,为合理推荐健康测量工具,推广健康测量工具的正确使用方法提供依据。方法对北京市大兴区2个街道4个居委会200户在本区居住半年及以上、并愿意配合调查的居民家庭中1名20~79岁家庭成员进行问卷调查,内容包括家庭及个人基本信息、家庭健康测量工具配备及使用情况和个人血压监测情况等。运用SPSS 15.0统计软件进行数据分析,包括统计学描述和χ2检验进行不同组率的比较。结果 200名调查对象男性和女性各100人,平均年龄(42.14±16.13)岁,以大学及以上文化程度为主。调查对象高血压患病率为29.5%(59/200)。200户家庭体温计的配备率最高(92.5%),视力表的配备率最低(13.0%);配备血压计的139户家庭中,上臂式电子血压计、台式水银血压计和腕式电子血压计的比例分别为53.9%、41.79%和9.4%,其中有6户家庭拥有多种血压计。配备并使用限量盐勺家庭中,能正确使用的占77.9%(88/113),配备控油壶的家庭能正确使用的仅占44.4%(59/133)。知晓成人每天限盐量和控油量的调查对象分别为80.7%(121/150)和56.4%(75/133),两者均知晓的占50.4%(59/117)。调查对象血压测量地点以在家测量为主,占51.5%(103/200),但能够正确测量血压者不足一半。高血压患者以在家测量为主者比例较高,而血压正常者在医疗机构测量居多。认为上臂式电子血压计最适合家庭测量者占50.5%(101/200)。调查对象血压监测情况在性别、年龄和文化程度方面差异均无统计学意义。结论加强家庭健康测量工具的配备及正确使用方法的宣传和培训,指导其定期测量,早期发现高血压危险因素,便于及时采取干预措施,降低发病。

Objective To study the usage of home health measurement tools and equipment among the residents in Daxing district of Beijing,and to provide information for recommending health measurement tools reasonably and promoting correct ways of using health measurement tools.Methods Unified questionnaire was adopted for the survey among 200households from 2sub-districts of Daxing.One resident aged 20-79from each household participated,and family and personal basic information,health measurement equipment and usaged of the tools such as personal blood pressure monitoring etc.were collected.Convenience sampling method was used for this study.SPSS 15.0was used for statistical analysis including descriptive statistics and chisquare tests.Results The 200participants included 100men and 100women,with average age of(42.14± 16.13)years old,and with bachelor degree for majority of them.Hypertension prevalence rate was 29.5%(59/200).Among families participated the survey,92.5% of them were equipped with thermometer,and 13.0% were equipped with eye chart.Among the 139families having blood pressure monitors,53.9%had upper arm blood pressure monitors,41.79% had desk sphygmomanometers,and 9.4% had wrist blood pressure monitors,while 6households had multiple blood pressure monitors.Among households with salt restriction spoons,77.9%(88/113)of them could correctly use the spoon.Among families with oil restriction pots,only 44.4%(59/133)used the pot correctly.Awareness rates of adult daily salt intake limit and oil intake limit are 80.7%(121/150)and 56.4%(75/133)respectively,with awareness rate of both 50.4%(59/117).Most of objects chose to measure blood pressure at home(51.5%,103/200),but less than half of the participants could measure blood pressure correctly.Majority of the objects with high blood pressure measured the blood pressure at home,while mostobjects with normal blood pressure chose to measure it in clinics.50.5%of subjects thoughts upper arm blood pressure monitor is most suitable for home use.Blood pressure monitoring status of the participants has no significant difference among genders,age and education levels.Conclusions Equipment of family health measurement tools and comprehensive health education should be enhanced to promote the correct use of the tools and prevention of the diseases.