坦克柴油机缸内热状况分析

Analysis of the Cylinder Heat Condition of Tank Diesel Engine

为研究坦克柴油机缸内主要受热部件及冷却液温度的分布状况,根据柴油机冷却系统及机体水道的结构特点,构建柴油机缸内工作过程及冷却系统仿真模型,通过台架试验对仿真模型进行验证,计算误差小于5%。基于仿真模型,计算柴油机各缸的缸盖、活塞、缸套表面以及缸盖、缸套外侧冷却液的温度,结果表明:柴油机缸内主要受热部件及冷却液温度分布不均匀,活塞表面温度第5缸最高,各缸最大温差为40.7℃;缸盖、缸套表面温度第1缸最高,各缸最大温差分别为169.6℃和129.6℃;缸盖、缸套外侧冷却液温度第5缸最高,在外特性1 400 r/min下为108.6℃和105.3℃,高于柴油机出水温度(93.3℃)15.3℃和12℃。

In order to study the temperature distribution condition of the chief heated parts and cooling liquid for each cylinder in tank diesel engine,according to the structure characteristics of water flow path and cooling system,the working process and diesel engine simulation model of cooling system are established,and the simulation calculation error is found to be less than 5% through simulation model validation test. Based on the simulation model,the temperature of each cylinder head,piston,cylinder liner and cooling liquid which surrounds the cylinder liner and cylinder head is calculated. Results show that:the temperature distribution of main heated parts and cooling liquid is not uniform,the fifth cylinder piston surface temperature is the highest,and the maximal temperature difference is 40. 7 ℃ between each piston; The first cylinder head and cylinder liner surface temperature are the highest,and the maximal temperature difference is 169. 6 ℃ and 129. 6 ℃ between each of them; as of the temperature of cooling liquid around the cylinder head and cylinder liner,the fifth cylinder has the highest,which is 108. 6 ℃and 105. 3 ℃ on the external characteristic condition of 1 400 r / min,and is 15. 3 ℃ and 12 ℃ higher than the diesel engine yielding water temperature which is 93. 3 ℃.