H62黄铜电磁炮导轨失效机理

Failure Mechanism of Railways for H62 Brass Electromagnetic Gun

通过宏观观察、金相分析、SEM微观观察和EDS成分分析,对发射4发弹丸(速度2～2.5 km/s)的H62黄铜电磁炮导轨进行失效分析.结果表明:导轨的失效形式主要为“刨削坑”、电弧烧蚀和磨损失效.失效的主要原因是导轨与电枢装配精度差,以及导轨材料的导电率、强度、耐电弧烧蚀和耐磨损性能不能满足电磁炮使用性能的要求.提高装置的加工和装配精度,研制或选用导电率高、强度高、耐电弧烧蚀和耐磨损性能优良的导轨材料,以及在导轨和电枢之间实施适当的润滑,是解决电磁炮导轨失效的有效措施.

The failure mechanism of the electromagnetic gun railway which is made by H62 brass and endures 4 bullets with the velocity range from 2- 2. 5 km / s is analyzed by macroscopic observation,metallographic analysis,Scanning Electron Microscopy( SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy( EDS).The results show that'planing pit',arc erosion and wear failure are the main failure modes. The main reasons of railway failure are that the assembly accuracy of railway and armature is poor,and the electrical conductivity,strength,resistance to arc erosion and abrasion resistance of H62 brass railway materials cannot meet the requirements of the electromagnetic gun's causative performance. The effective measures to solve the electromagnetic gun rail failure are to improve the processing and assembly precision,develop or select the railway materials with the excellent performance of high conductivity,high strength,arc ablation resistance and abrasion resistance,and apply appropriate lubrication between the rail and armature.