水肥对大豆叶绿素荧光动力学参数及其产量的影响

Effect of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characters and Yield in Soybean

依据洛阳地区20 a(1971年-1999年)的降雨量,以每月占年平均降雨量的加权值进行分配,利用干旱棚模拟不同降雨年型,研究了不同水肥处理对大豆叶绿素荧光动力学参数及其产量的影响。结果表明:盛花期F0、F m值较大且处理间波动大,在结荚期和鼓粒期变化较平缓;F v值各时期变化均较大,说明F v受水肥的影响较大;F v/F m和F v/F0总体趋势相同,结荚期>鼓粒期>盛花期,N52.5P56W382.5的F v/F m和F v/F0的值在各生育期均较高,说明此水肥耦合较适宜大豆的生长。水肥耦合呈现以下规律:N、P水平相同,水分高产量高;在欠水年和丰水年,P肥相同的情况下,N肥高的产量高,但处理之间无差别;在平水年的情况下,不同施肥水平呈现出不同变化。水分是产量的主导因素,产量的提高主要是通过增加每株荚数和百粒质量来实现的。

Here,we systematically study the effect and influence of different sludge fertilizer condition on the yield and the Chlorophyll fluorescence characters of soybean using the arid awning according to the 20 years' s rainfall amount of Luoyang( from 1971- 1999),accounting for the mean annual precipitation by the weighted value of every month to carry on the assignment,The result suggested that:F0and F m values were larger and also show higher fluctuation between treatments in the full-bloom stage,while in the pod and seed filling stage,it shown gentle,less difference among the treatments. F v value changes highly in different period,which indicate that F v was influenced obviously by water and fertilizer. F v/ F m and F v/ F0showed the same trend,the pod > seed filling stage > flowering stage,while F v/ F m and F v/ F0of N52. 5P56W382. 5were higher in each growth period,indicating that this water and fertilizer coupling is more appropriate for the growth of the soybean. The different rainfall and fertilizer combinations show the following rule obviously: when N and P level in the same situation,output is increasing with the increase of the moisture content; In dry years and wet years,when P fertilizer is keeping the same content,higher N fertilizer produces higher yield,but no significance between treatments; In the average level of annual rainfall situation,different fertilization shows the different changes. To conclude,the water is the dominant factor of production and yield improvement is achieved through increasing the number of pods per plant and seed weight.