农户对生物农药的支付意愿:对山东省莱阳、莱州和安丘三市的问卷调查

Farmers' Willingness to Pay for Bio-pesticides:Based on the Survey Conducted in Laiyang,Laizhou,and Anqiu in Shandong Province

农药的使用存在不规范现象,且化学农药对人体健康的危害较大。国内外学者对农药有较多方面的研究,但在农户对生物农药支付意愿的研究存在空白。本文以在山东省三个农村地区的随机问卷调查为基础,利用随机效用模型模拟农户采用生物农药的决策行为,估计现阶段农户对生物农药的支付意愿。结果发现,影响农户农药选择的主要因素包括农药残留、生物农药的安全性与价格、家庭劳动力数量、农户生产经营状况与年收入、农药使用标准认知度以及农户所在地区等。据此,本文提出加大生物农药宣传力度、完善健全外部监管认证环境、加大政府有关补贴、鼓励生物农药企业开展研发等促进生物农药推广的政策提议。

Because of the improper use of pesticides and the large hazards of conventional chemical pesticides to health,the use of biopesticides begins to get more attention.Many scholars at home and abroad have made stadies on pesticides,but the relevant researches on WTP,especially on farmers' WTP for bio-pesticides are still needed.Based on the data from an extensive survey conducted in Laiyang, Laizhou,and Anqiu cities in Shandong province in October,2008,this article will use Random Utility Model to simulate the decision -making behaviors of using bio-pesticides,utilizing Dichotomous Choice Method to predict and evaluate current farmers' WTP for bio-pesticides.According to the description and econometric analysis,it' s found that the crucial factors which influence farmers' choices of pesticides are pesticide residue,bio-pesticide safety,price,the amount of family labor,the situation of farmers' production management,income,the awareness of pesticide standards and the farmers' locations.Accordingly,advice on popularizing bio-pesticides such as improving the bio-pesticide promotion,establishing the environment of external supervision environment,increasing political subsidies and encouraging enterprises' researches on bio-pesticides,are given in the end.