蔬菜出口产地农药价格的决定机制研究

Analysis on Decision Mechanism of the Pesticide Price in the Export-Oriented Vegetable Production Area

农药所导致的环境安全问题正在引起越来越多的关注,其对农业可持续发展和人体健康构成了巨大的威胁。基于此,本文运用特征价格模型,从农药个体特征角度分析了蔬菜出口产地农药价格的决定机制。结果显示,药品形态和功能对农药价格有重要影响,农药特征中是否是高毒农药的指定替代品、渗透性、有无残留对农药价格有决定意义。通过对农药特征对价格影响程度的测算发现,当农药的销售单位规格每提高1%时,每销售单位(瓶或袋)的零售价格会相应提高0.28%。研究还发现,虽然生物农药具有很好的环境包容性,但其与传统农药相比并不具有价格优势,农户依然偏好高毒农药的使用。在此基础上,本文提出了规范农药行业发展,补贴生产低毒环保型农药的企业,加大环境保护宣传,从而鼓励和引导农药的合理使用和科学生产的政策建议。

More and more attention was paid to the environmental safety caused by pesticides,which had resulted in serious environmental pollution and posed a great threat to agricultural sustainable development and human health.Based on which,this paper analyzed the pesticide price determining mechanism by hedonic price model from the view of individual characteristics of vegetable pesticide in export-oriented area.The results showed that the form and function of pesticide have a heavy implication on price,while the pesticide characteristics with designated substitute of highly toxic,permeability and residue or not have the decisive sense of pesticide price.Besides,we measured the effect degree of pesticide characteristics on price;it is founded that if the pesticide sales unit specifications increase for every 1%,the retail price will increase by 0.28% each unit(bottle or bag).This paper also found the biological pesticide has few price advantages when compared to traditional pesticides;farmers still prefer to use highly toxic pesticide.On this basis,this paper raised several policy suggestions such as normative pesticide industry,subsidies enterprises for production of low toxicity pesticide,increase environmental protection publicity to encourage the rational use and scientific production of pesticides.