公共政策、经济增长与不平等演化

Public Policy,Economic Growth and the Evolution of Inequality

本文通过引入家庭养老和利他主义的生育动机,将人口和经济增长内生化。并且认为,不同收入的家庭在生育率和教育投入上的差异决定了不平等的动态演化过程。利用这一动态一般均衡模型,本文考察了公共教育和社会保障这两种重要的公共政策对于经济增长和不平等的长期影响。分析表明,提高公共教育投入可以促进经济增长,减缓人口增长,但是对于调节收入分配的作用较弱。而加大社会保障投入可以有效地降低不平等程度,但是却不利于经济的长期增长。

This paper establishes a model in which the population and economic growth are endogenous by introducing parents' altruism and intergenerational transfer.The evolution of inequality is then determined by the different choices of fertility and education of families with different income.We then study the long-run effect of public education and social security on economic growth and inequality.The analyses suggest that public education could promote economic growth and decrease the population growth,but has little effect on the income distribution.However,social security is a good tool to decrease the degree of inequality,but has a negative effect on economic growth