国际贸易、企业异质性与产品质量升级

International Trade,Firm Heterogeneity and Quality Upgrade

本文构建了国际贸易、企业异质性与产品质量升级的基本理论框架,在贸易均衡中纳入异质性企业与产品质量范围等因素,细致考察了贸易成本、技术溢出、规模经济对企业异质性与产品质量的影响渠道和结果,对发达国家和发展中国家的产品质量为何随着贸易开放而提高的现象做出了理论解释。研究发现,贸易开放不仅通过贸易成本下降促进产品质量升级,而且给中间产品部门带来了显著的技术溢出效应和规模经济,进而激励着发展中国家的模仿活动和发达国家的创新活动。在此过程中,发展中国家的产品质量升级具有资本品(机器)偏向的特征,发达国家的产品质量升级具有创新(技术)偏向的特征。

We have developed a theoretical model that incorporates trade,firm heterogeneity and quality upgrade into general equilibrium.This theoretical work has developed trade equilibrium models to formalize the role of quality as a determinant of trade patterns.The main objective of the present study is to explore the effect of trade liberalization on the level of quality-ladder as well as the firm heterogeneity.Firstly the level of product quality and the growth of intermediate goods trade are driven by reduction of trade cost from trade liberalization.Secondly this paper generates new insights on the effect of technology spillover and scale economy on the level of quality-ladder as well as the firm heterogeneity.In addition,we also confirm that quality upgrade is capital goods or machine intensive bias in developing country,and which is innovation or technology intensive bias in developed country.