西南贫困山区旅游环境容量测算——以贵州省六盘水市为例

Assessment of Touristm Environmental Carrying Capacity in the Impoverished Mountain:a Case Study on Liupanshui,Guizhou Province

选择贵州省具有典型贫困山区特征的六盘水市风景名胜区为例,通过分析空间承载量、社会承载量、经济承载量三大要素的主要影响因子,定量分析了六盘水市风景区的旅游环境容量。研究表明,六盘水市六大风景区的空间日容量为3.4万人/d,社会环境容量为1.37万人/d,经济环境容量为1.59万人/d,总旅游环境承载量为501万人/年。社会承载容量成为制约喀斯特景区发展并限制接待游客容量的主要因素,这主要是因为游客对该景区认知少,部分景点由于地势险恶或资金投入少等还未开放和宣传,交通不发达,景区内的可达面积开发较小。本研究可为深层次推进旅游业的经济拉动效应和环境优化效应提供依据。

Liupanshui municipal scenic spots with features of typical impoverished mountains,in Guizhou province,is chosen for the study of tourism carrying capacity.To quantitatively analyze the tourism carrying capacity,three main factors,spatial carrying capacity,social carrying capacity,and economic carrying capacity,The results showed that the spatial carrying capacity was 34 thousand persons per day.The social carrying capacity was 13.7 thousand persons per day.The economic carrying capacity was 15.9 thousand persons per day.The total tourism carrying capacity was 5.01 million persons per year.The social carrying capacity became the main barrier to limiting the reception of tourists and the development of karst scenic spots.mainly because of inconvenient tourism routes and traffic transportation,small developed reachable areas,and non-opened scenic spots because of dangerous terrain and less capital investment.The study can be used as evidence to impel the economic effect and environmental effect of local tourism industry.