矿业城市劳动力就业状况分析

Analysis on Employment Conditions of Mining City

通过对矿业城市劳动力就业的城乡结构、产业结构、所有制结构和行业结构的对比分析,认为矿业城市的城乡就业人数均有不同程度的小幅度增长;第三产业较之第一产业就业比重增长速度快,而第二产业就业岗位减少,出现严重失业;国有企业、制造行业就业比重下降幅度大,非公有制企业、服务行业就业比重增长较快。经济转型初期,矿业城市国有企业的破产、资产重组等减员增效,结构性失业严重,而非公有制等经济单位吸纳失业人员有限,导致失业人员大量增加。

The paper compares the employment structure,and the industry structure,the ownership structure of mining cities.It draws a conclusion that there is small increase of town-and-village employment in mining cities.The tertiary industry can accept people with a bigger increase than that of the primary industry.Yet the secondary industry can offer fewer positions than before and there is severe unemployment.The employment weight of the state-owned firms and manufacture industry is decreasing fast,while that of the nonstate ewned enterprises and the service industry is increasing rapidly.During the early economic transformation,many state-owned firms go bankrupt and there are many asset reorganizations so as to increase efficiency by downsizing staff.Furthermore,there is too much structural unemployment.Meanwhile,some economic units in countryside have only limited ability to accept unemployed staff, whereas more unemployment is caused.