从人水和谐看我国的节水研究与实践

Research and Practice of Water-Saving Based on Human-Water Harmony in China

大力节水和建设节水型社会是水资源可持续利用的重要保障。根据人水和谐的理念,节水不仅仅是节约用水量,还包括有关水资源立法、水价、管理体制等一系列行政管理措施;真实的节水是尽量减少不可回收水量,具有相当的潜力,应当予以重视;节水与水资源高效利用是不等价的,二者在研究范围、层次、对象、方法及评价指标都是有所区别的;广义上的节水不仅包括节约用水,也包括涵养水源,二者是对立统一的关系;节水并非越多越好,还必须与生态环境效应相结合,否则就会顾此失彼,达不到真正意义上的人水和谐。

Water problem now has become a challenge human beings have to face together.And the common goal is to seek for human-water harmony.The average water resource of China is limited,and water shortage has become the bottleneck of the sustainable development.Therefore,water-saving and water-saving society development are the guarantee of the sustainable utilization of the water resource.According to the idea of human-water harmony,water-saving is not only saving the total amount of the water utilization,but also including a series of administrative measures,such as water resource regulation,water price,management system and so on.Real water-saving is to reduce the non-recoverable water and it's very important to pay more attention to its potential.Water-saving is not equal to the effective utilization of water resource,and they are different in research fields,levels,subjects,methods and evaluation indexes.General water-saving involves both water-saving and water conservation,which are antagonistic to each other.But it doesn't mean that the more water we save,the better it is.Water-saving has to combine with ecological environment,or we can't achieve the real human-water harmony.