吐蕃盟誓中宗教因素辨析

Analysis of the Religious Element in Tubo Pledges

盟誓是吐蕃对外关系中一项重要活动,《旧唐书》中关于盟誓的仪式和誓词等有许多记载。依据这些记载形成了许多不同的观点。通过对相关资料的辨析可以看出,在吐蕃与外族的盟誓中,尤其是与唐朝的盟誓中,以神为鉴照和歃血等仪式并不能简单地归为吐蕃苯教的仪式或影响。恰恰相反,这实际上都是汉族传统盟誓的有效组成成分,所以,唐蕃盟誓的仪式实际上是双方对对方盟誓仪式中传统宗教因素的折中和变通。另外,佛教在吐蕃兴起后,佛教因素也逐渐渗透到唐蕃的盟誓中,双方的盟誓仪式中,传统宗教因素和佛教因素并存,其主要的推动力量则来自于吐蕃。

Pledge was a important activity between Tang Dynasty and Tubo,there have some chronicles about the ceremony and asseveration in the book Jiu Tang Shu.According to those chronicles,academic circles have different views.The article considers that the pledge of Tubo did not emphasized the faction of God and blood.So these ceremony could not been said to be affected by the Bon religion.Actually,these ceremony were the constitution part of traditional pledge of Han nationality.In addition,after Buddhism introduced to Tubo,the factors of Buddhism entered to the pledge between Tang Dynasty and Tubo,Tubo was the main forces.