财政视角下公共服务均等化的功效系数评价——以教育均等化为例

Evaluation of Public Service Equity by Efficiency Coefficient from the Perspective of Public Finance——An Example of Education Equity

本文首先回顾了Buchanan等中外学者对公共服务均等化的理论研究,并结合教育服务均等化的研究提出了自己的观点:由于公民偏好的差异性,公共服务的均等是一种相对的、动态的、涉及多指标体系的均等,公共服务均等化既是一个经济问题,也是一个伦理问题与政治问题。在完成理论分析的基础上,本文又结合我国教育服务均等化现状,以师生比率指标为例,通过功效系数法对我国教育公共服务的现状提出了尝试性评价,认为我国的教育服务存在明显的不公平性。本文最后总结了实现公共服务均等化的政策措施。

Based on the public service equity study of Buchanan and others'theories,this paper has an idea that public service equity is a neutral and dynamic equity of multi-indexes system,while public service equity is an economic issue,and it is also a politic and ethical one.After the analysis of theory,the paper eval- uates tentatively our public education service with Method of Efficiency Coefficient by student/teacher ra- tio,and concludes that our public education service has the obvious inequity.Finally,the paper puts for- ward the policies for realizing public service equity.