费孝通的教育人类学思想初探

Educational Complex of a Social Anthropologist——Preliminary Study on Professor Fei Xiaotong's Thoughts on Anthropology of Education

费孝通先生不仅是一位人们熟悉的社会学家和人类学家,他还是一位名副其实的教育人类学家。是他首先将教育作为一种文化形式纳入到中国人类学的研究领域,并给予了教育与家庭、亲属关系、种族、社区等人类学研究主题同样的重视程度。费孝通先生倡导的人类学精神和他的教育人类学思想,对于从事教育研究的工作者来说有着实际的意义。当我们把他的“文化自觉”理念引入到“教育自觉”中时,我们开始尝试对本土教育的反思,并在教育人类学的学科建设中,探索一条既不“复旧”又不“他化”的革新之路。

The paper has analyzed and straightened out Professor Fei Xiaotong's thinking and studies on Chinese education in terms of his academic ideas and social practices.As is well known,Professor Fei is a sociologist and anthropologist.However,from this paper,we would find that he really lives up to his reputation as an anthropologist of education.It is he who regards education as a type of culture integrated into the research topics of Chinese anthropology,such as education and family,kinship,and so on.His studies have been acknowledged internationally,and drawn on as research paradigms among domestic anthropologists.The spirits of anthropology that Professor Fei has advocated and his ideas of anthropological education have contributed to educators and researchers.Referring Professor's idea of 'cultural awareness' to 'educational awareness,' we should have reflexivity on our indigenous education,and explore a reform agenda in anthropology of education,which is neither 'restoring old ways' nor 'otherizing.'