在结构中吐纳:从萨林斯与奥比耶斯科尔之争说起

Vomiting and Absorbing in Structure: the Debating between the Works by Shalins and Obeyesekere

马歇尔.萨林斯与加纳纳什.奥比耶斯科尔之间的争论,从一个侧面彰显自20世纪80年代以来人类学纷纭繁芜的实验状态基调——对学科本体论的反思与批判。通过廓清争论双方各自的理论立场和观点,可以再认识结构主义人类学蕴藏的能量及其界限。文章在后半部分采用结构主义的方法论,整体性地透视长时段的人类学学科史,提出一个人类学学科实践结构的模型:我—他者—我们,并对其显现在学科史中曾经的结构转化以及当下的转化态势做出简明扼要的说明。

In a review of the debate between the works by Marshall Shalins and Gananath Obeyesekere,the writer rethought the energy and limit of anthropological structuralism while clearing the tune of experimental conditions of contemporary anthropology since 1980s—a reflection and critique to the epistemology of anthropology. Meanwhile the writer also made a holistic reflection of the history of anthropology in a long term from a structural approach,putting forward a structural model of anthropological practicing and making a concise explanation of the structural transformation in the past history of the discipline and the present condition of transforming.