“在集体土地上建公租房”模式的法律反思与完善

Disfigurement and Reformation of “Construction of Public Rental Housing on the Collective Land”

为缓解城市土地资源紧张以及保障性住房投入资金缺口过大问题,出现了"在集体土地上建公租房"的政策试点。但这一试点实际上突破了《土地管理法》第43、63条的刚性规定,对我国现行的农村集体土地制度提出了挑战;让农村集体承担中低收入者的保障义务并限定租赁价格,亦缺乏合法性依据。问题的症结在于我国特有的城乡土地二元结构,集体土地与国有土地的权利不平等性。因此,从立法上开放对农村集体建设用地使用权的限制,是"在集体土地上建公租房"模式推行的必要前提。

To relieve the strain on the tight urban land resources and the large investment-funding gap of affordable housing,the pilot 'construction of public rental housing on the collective land' started.But the pilot actually broke Article 43 and Article 63 of 'Land Management Law',and poses a challenge to the current rural collective land system in China;it also lacks of legitimacy basis that the rural collective bear low-income security obligations and the rental price is defined.The crux of the problem lies in our unique dual structure of urban and rural land,collective land and state-owned land right inequality.Therefore,open to the rural collective construction land use rights restrictions from legislation is a necessary prerequisite for the implementation of the 'construction of public rental housing on the collective land' mode.