呼和浩特市青少年健康危险行为分析

Health risk behaviors survey on adolescents in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia

目的了解现代社会青少年健康危险行为的现状,为青少年健康教育提供依据。方法采取三阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取4 739名大、中学生,用中国青少年健康危险行为调查问卷进行问卷调查。结果大、中学生中,偏食率为37.5%~57.4%;过去1周每天喝汽水饮料一次以上者有8.7%~17.5%,每天吃甜点1次以上者有13.2%~24.6%,每天吃早餐有42.3%~65.8%,每天喝牛奶有10.3%~22.4%;过去30d采取过减肥措施的有51.1%~67.4%;过去1周进行中等强度体育运动3d以上者有28.5%~43.5%。过去30d骑自行车违规发生率为62.5%~77.6%;过去30d受欺侮发生率为9.2%~11.9%,过去12个月里斗殴发生率为17.4%~28.5%,学习压力重报告率为14.3%~29.6%,抑郁报告率为14.5%~17.7%,严重受伤报告率为13.3%~15.4%;目前吸烟率为12.6%~22.0%,重度饮酒率为8.0%~31.4%,醉酒率为9.9%~39.2%;网络成瘾者有2.5%~4.9%,曾参加过赌博报告率为15.2%~23.6%;高中和大学生边缘性行为发生率分别为28.6%和43.7%。各种健康危险行为中,不同性别及不同学习阶段学生之间多数有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论现代社会青少年健康危险行为较为普遍,学校应开展健康教育。

Objective To understand the present situation of adolescents on health risk behaviors and so as to provide scientific bases for educating adolescents on health. Methods The three stage randomized cluster sampling was used to survey 4739middle school and college students,carries on the survey with the Chinese adolescents health risk behaviors questionnaire. Results Among middle school and college students,about 37.5%~57.4% of them had a penchant for some food;During the past week,about 8.7% ~17.5% of students drank soft drinks water more than once everyday,13.2%~24.6%of students ate dessert more than once everyday,42.3%~65.8% of students ate breakfast everyday,10.3%~22.4% of students drank milk everyday,38.5%~55.0% of students take regular exercise;And 51.1%~67.4% of them took measures to loose weight during the past month.The incidence rate of students violated traffic rules when rode on bicycle was 62.5%~77.6%and were bullied was 9.2%~11.9% within a month.During the past year,the incidence rate of fighting,the pressure of study,depressing and seriously injuring was 17.4% ~28.5%,14.3% ~ 29.6%,14.5%~17.7%,13.3%~15.4%,respectively.The rate of smoking at present,the rate of drinking,the rate of heavy drinking,internet addiction and ever gambling was 12.6%~22.0%,8.0%~31.4%, 9.9%~39.2%,2.5%~4.9%,15.2%~23.6%,respectively.In senior middle school the incidence rate of bordered sexual-behavior was 28.6%,and in college was 43.7%.There were statistical differences between different genders or learning stages of students in varies of health risk behaviors. Conclusions The health risk behaviors are very common,so the school should carry out healthy education.