海洋巨大芽孢杆菌在培养基和花生中对黄曲霉产毒的抑制

Inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis in media and peanuts by marine Bacillus megaterium

目的研究海洋巨大芽孢杆菌在PDA、MM培养基和花生中对黄曲霉产毒的抑制。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法和高压液相色谱荧光检测法测定培养基和花生中黄曲霉毒素B1含量。结果 PDA、MM培养基培养的黄曲霉通过酶联免疫吸附法检测后,实验组黄曲霉毒素B1含量分别在5.5～158.1 pg/mL和2.2～10.3 pg/mL,对照组毒素B1含量分别在2407.2～2986.3 pg/mL和4.4～2755.6 pg/mL。通过高压液相色谱检测28℃和37℃培养的被黄曲霉侵染的花生,实验组黄曲霉毒素B1含量均未检出,对照组28℃下,黄曲霉毒素B1含量为(8.588±0.322)μg/kg,37℃下黄曲霉毒素未检出。结论不同培养基中,海洋巨大芽孢杆菌对黄曲霉产黄曲霉毒素均有抑制作用。黄曲霉在28℃比37℃更容易在花生上产毒,海洋巨大芽孢杆菌对花生上黄曲霉产毒素有显著抑制作用。

Objective To study the effect of marine Bacillus megaterium on the aflatoxin biosynthesis in PDA,MM media and peanuts.Methods The aflatoxin B1 concentrations in media and peanuts were determined by the enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay and high pressure liquid chromatography.Results With the method of enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay,the experimental groups’ aflatoxin B1 levels in PDA and MM media were 5.5～158.1 pg/mL and 2.2～10.3 pg/mL,respectively;and the control groups’ aflatoxin B1 concentrations were 2407.2～2986.3 pg/mL and 4.4～2755.6 pg/mL,respectively.Meanwhile,the experimental groups’ aflatoxin B1 levels at 28 ℃ and 37 ℃ in peanuts could not be detected;and the control groups’ aflatoxin B1 level at 28 ℃was(8.588±0.322) μg/kg,by the method of high pressure liquid chromatography.Conclusion The marine Bacillus megaterium could inhibit aflatoxin production in different media.Aspergillus flavus could biosynthesize more aflatoxin B1 at 28 ℃ than at 37 ℃.This strain of Bacillus megaterium could inhibit aflatoxin biosynthesis in peanuts significantly.