新型喹噁啉类药物在水产养殖中的有效性及安全性研究进展

Effectiveness and security of the new type of quinoxalines in aquaculture

喹噁啉类药物是一类人工合成的具有抗菌、促进生长作用的动物专用药,曾被广泛应用于畜禽和水产养殖业。本类早期品种喹乙醇与卡巴氧被证明有较强的毒副作用,已被不同程度地限制或禁止使用。近年来研制成功的新型喹噁啉类药物降低了毒性,保留了抗菌及促生长活性,已在畜禽养殖中广泛使用。本文对新型喹噁啉类药物的种类、有效性及安全性、代谢动力学及残留消除规律、代谢途径及标识残留物进行了综述,为该类药物在水产养殖生产中的安全合理应用提供参考。

Quinoxalines are special man-made chemical drugs which are widely used as the antibacterial growth promoters in poultry and aquatic breeding. The early products such as olaquindox and carbadox were partly forbidden or restricted because of strong toxic and side effects. In recent years, the new developed types of quinoxalines were widely used in poultry and aquatic breeding because they could reduce the toxic effect, retain the antibacterial and promote the growth activities. This article mainly summarizes the effectiveness and security, metabolism and pharmacokinetics, residual elimination, metabolic pathway and markers of the new types of quinoxalines in various kinds of aquatic breeding in order to rationalize the medication use and to ensure the safety of aquatic products.