首例蛇中盐酸克伦特罗残留引起的食物中毒应急检测

Emergency determination of clenbuterol hydrochloride residue first found in food poisoning accident induced by intake of snake

目的对广东省深圳市同一餐馆连续发生的两起食物中毒事件进行流行病学调查并现场取样进行实验室应急检测,查找中毒原因。方法样品碱化后用乙酸乙酯提取,再用稀盐酸反萃取,萃取的样液pH调至5.2后用SCX固相萃取小柱净化,分离所得的盐酸克伦特罗经双三甲基硅烷三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)衍生后用气相色谱电子轰击源质谱分析,选择离子监测(SIM)模式检测辅以全扫描(Scan)质谱图的NIST谱库检索匹配确认,美托洛尔内标法定量。结果在食物中毒现场采集的八步蛇肉、血、胆及病人尿液中均检出了盐酸克伦特罗,浓度分别为1331、463、11200、4.3μg/kg。后续采集的蛇样品中未再检出盐酸克伦特罗。结论两起食物中毒是由于食用了含有盐酸克伦特罗的蛇所致,这种因食用蛇中残留盐酸克伦特罗而引起食物中毒的事件,在国内外尚属首例。

Objective Samples concerned two consecutive food poisoning accidents occurred in the same restaurant located at Shenzhen,Guangdong province,were taken and sent to laboratory for emergency determination to find the cause of poisoning.Methods Samples were alkalified and extracted using ethyl acetate,then re-extracted by hydrochloric acid.After adjusted to pH 5.2,the acidic extraction was purified by solid-phase extraction using SCX cartridges.After isolated with BSTFA,clentuberol hydrochloride in the solution was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Identification was achieved by electron impact ionization(EI) using selected ion monitoring(SIM) combined with full scan of mass spectrum.Quantification was performed by internal standard calibration using metoprolol.Results The muscle,blood and gall of snake(Vipera ruselli siamensis) were collected from the restaurant where the food poisoning accidents happened,as well as the urine of a patient were determined and the content of clenbuterol hydrochloride were 1331,463,11200 and 4.3 μg/kg,respectively.However,there was no positive result of clenbuterol hydrochloride in other food samples including subsequent snake samples collected for traceability.Conclusion The reason of two consecutive food poisoning accidents was finally determined to be the intake of snake(Vipera ruselli siamensis) contaminated by clenbuterol hydrochloride,which was first remarkably reported at home and abroad.