新疆伊犁昭苏县古墓葬出土金银器等珍贵文物

Discovery of Gold-and Silverware Unearthed from an Ancient Tomb at Zhaosu County, Yili, Xinjiang

近年来,新疆维吾尔自治区的文物考古工作成果颇多,本期介绍了一批出土于伊犁昭苏县古墓葬中的金银器和织物等重要文物的资料。出土的金银器制作精绝,并大量镶嵌红宝石、红玛瑙等,如镶嵌红宝石的金面具、金盖罐、包金剑鞘、金戒指和镶嵌红玛瑙的虎柄金杯等,品质之贵重,工艺之华美,均属罕见。织物中的缀金珠绣,工艺复杂,巧夺天工。出土物的品级之高,表明了墓主人不凡的身份和地位。通过分析比较,整理者认为这批文物的时代下限为6～7世纪前后。昭苏地区在6世纪前后是西突厥的重要居地和政治中心,这批文物的发现对研究西突厥的有关问题具有重要价值。

In October 1997, a batch of gold-and silverware were uncovered from an ancient tombat Zhaosu, Yili, Xinjiang. Three earthen mounds lay in a northwest-southeast line on the surface. The finds inquestion came from one of them. The tomb was destroyed and its structure is therefore un-clear. The unearthed objects include gold-and silverware and fabrics. The former were re-markable for their exquisite craftsmanship and shiny inlay of lovely pearls. Examples in-clude a gold mask with ruby inlay, a gold covered jar, a gold sheath, a gold ring and a goldcup with ruby inlay and a tiger-shaped handle. Such superb and precious articles are justrare. One piece of fabric is impressive for its intricate floral design composed of small goldballs and pearls. The author believes these finds to be never later than the 6th or 7th century, andthose gold-and silverware must be much earlier, bringing into account their possible succes-sion from one generation by another. Their extremely high quality well indicates the un-usual status of the tomb owner. The modern area of Zhaosu belonged to the Wusun people in the Han dynasty and thewestern Turk in the Sui-Tang times. It was a major settlement and political center of thewestern Turk around the 6th century. The discovery of these objects throw much lightup on the history of the period.