青州龙兴寺窖藏所出佛像的几个问题——青州城与龙兴寺之三

Some Problems Concerning the Buddhist Statues Unearthed from the Longxing Temple at Qingzhou

青齐人魏即为要邑。东魏之世又与并州并称“霸业所在,王命是基”。周齐交兵,青州地处高齐大后方。武平四年(573年)《司空公青州刺史临淮王(娄定远)像碑》谓青州龙兴寺前身南阳寺为齐国“正东之甲寺”,并于该寺雕制无量寿佛像及观世音、大势至二胁侍。可知此处窖藏所出魏、齐石雕佛像,在当时北中国的东部地区应具有一定的典型意义。龙兴寺佛像窖藏位于1996年钻探出前、中、后三殿相连的王字形殿基之北(后方)约7米处,距地表深345厘米,东西长870、南北宽680厘米,面积近60平方米。窖内有次序地分层叠放大小造像约400余尊。“

The stone Buddhist carvings of the Wei and Qi dynasties from the storage in theLongxing Temple at Qingzhou were quite typical in the eastern part of China. Of the carv-ings, those of the Northern Wei and Northern Qi rank first in number and size. They arenoteworthy for three things. First, all of the Northern Wei carvings are survivals from theclosing years of the dynasty, and the earliest examples of the dated ones could be as late asthe twenties of the 6th century. Secondly, the Eastern Wei dynasty lasted only sixteenyears from 534 to 550. Yet, it saw a fast growth of art of stone carving in the Qing-Qiarea. Thirdly, the Northern Qi carvings show a diversity in shape and dress, especially to-wards the end of the dynasty.