论霍桑道德观的多元性

On the Multiplicity of Hawthorne′s Moral Outlook

在霍桑的道德观中，除了清教主义的成分之外，不仅存有与清教道德观相异的观点，而且还有与其相悖和相对独立的某些观点，主要表现：（１） 对清教道德法典极端的苛严表示出相当的忿恨和不满；（２） 认为尽管人本质上的缺陷不可根治，但并非所有在道德方面犯罪的人都应被上帝罚入地狱；（３） 为了使人树立良好的德行，避免在道德方面犯罪，“智”（“ｈｅａｄ”）与“情”（“ｈｅａｒｔ”） 必须达到和谐的统一。文章的结论为：霍桑的道德观具有多元性。

In Hawthorne′s morality,apart from the elements of Purtianism,there were not only views different from Puritan moral outlook,but also views that were opposite to and independent of it,mainly shown in: (1) his considerable resentment against the extreme severity of the Purtian moral code; (2) his belief that not all moral sinners should be sentenced to hell by God despite the incurability of man′s intrinsic defeats; (3) his insistence that “head” and “heart” must be in harmony in order to enable man to cultivate good virtue and avoid moral crimes. The conclusion is Hawthorne′s moral outlook was of multiplicity.