摘要
中国外经贸事业与祖国同行,走过风雨50年。从打破西方国家的封锁禁运中崛起,展翅腾飞,搏击世界经济大潮。如今又肩负振兴民族经济的重任,走进知识经济时代。
(Abstract)After the founding of the People's Republic of China.The government established Ministry of Foreign Trade in 1952.The Ministry promulgated a series of trade policies and regulations, eliminated those private trade companies, formed a few state-owned trade entities and monopolized foreign trade.The trade volume grew from $1.135 billion in 1950 to $14.8 billion in 1977,an average increase 9.6%.The main trade partners were Soviet Union and eastern European countries.In the late 1970s, China changed its development courses .started to open its door to outside world.The central government approved Shenzhen,Zhuhai,Shantou and Xiamen as special economic zones.They attracted many foreign investments and promoted foreign trade.Then the open policy extends to other 14 coastal cities,the Yangtzi River Delta.the Pearl River Delta and other areas gradually. From 1978 to 1997,the trade expanded from $20.6 billion to $325.06 billion.an average 15.6% increase.Up to the year end of 1998,there are 324,000 foreign-funded enterprises .contracted foreign investment $572.52 billion.and actually arrived $267.45 billion.China's capital inflow is only second to the US since 1993.1n 1998,the foreign-funded enterprises'I/E volume made up nearly half of the nation's total.As the reform goes,the foreign trade pattern is changing.Excluding the 140,000 foreign-funded enterprises with I/E right,there are 23,000 domestic companies that can conduct foreign business,among them 10,215 manufacturing firms, 8,425 commercial entities,493 research institutions and 61 private companies.Currently,there are still many problems with these trade firms.Small scale and lack of management skills and techniques hinder their international competitiveness.They still have a long way to go.
