唐代安西碎叶镇位置与史事辨析

On the historical site and events of Anxi Suyab town in Tang Dynasty

本文在1986年发表《唐代安西四镇之一的碎叶位置新探》一文的基础上，详检有关碎叶史事，从时空两方面综合分析，其绝大部分发生在哈密碎叶及其周围。巴尔喀什湖附近的碎叶，从乌质勒徙其牙帐以后，在整个四镇存在期间，一直是突骑施安身立命之处。裴行俭留王方翼于安西筑碎叶城，位于其东归途中的伊州（哈密），不可能在今新疆玛纳斯河以西。《资治通鉴》胡三省注，把王方翼筑碎叶城，放在焉耆都督府名下，是因为焉耆王龙嫩突在突骑施占据焉耆后隋唐军移徙伊州碎叶，该地曾长期作为焉耆都督府的侨置治所。“碎叶”（Suyab），突厥语意为两水交汇处，西域有多处以“碎叶”为地名，对有关史事必须具体分析，以免张冠李戴。

On the basis of the article The New Seeking of the Anxi Suyab site in the Tang Dynasty, this thesis gives a synthetical analysis from time and space, with the historical materials, on the Suyab town. Most on the things happened near and around the place of Hami Suyab. Suyab, which was located near Balkash Lake, since Wuzhile move palace to live there, was all the time the living place of Tuqishi during the existence Period of Anxi's four towns. Pei Xingjian had Wang Fangyi stay Anxi to construct Suyab, which was in the east -returning place of Yizhou (Hami), So it could not be located in the west of Today's Man as River. According to Hu SanXing's notes in the book of Zizhitongjian, after Tuqishi occupied Yanqi,the Yanqi king Long Nentu moved together with Tang government forces to garison Yizhou Suyab,which was the seat of Yanqi town's government for a long time.Therefore,that Wang Fangyi constructed Suyab town was put under the name of Yanqi government.Suyab,in Turk language,means the converging place of two rivers.There were several places that were named Suyab in the western region,so the historical materials must be read and anslysed carefully so as not to make mistakes.