英国贵族阶级属性和等级制的演变

The Evolvement of Class Nature and Hierarchy of the English Aristocracy

在一千多年的历史中 ,就阶级属性而言 ,英国先后出现了原始部落军事贵族、封建贵族、资本主义土地贵族、工商业资产阶级贵族和中产阶级“工党贵族”;而贵族等级制和名号的变化则主要有五次 :先后在盎格鲁 -撒克逊时期、诺曼征服之后、1 4— 1 5世纪、1 7世纪初和 1 958年。

As to the class nature of the English aristocracy along the thousand years’ history,successively five kinds of forms appeared.They are military nobles of primitive tribe,feudal nobles,capitalism nobles of landlord,business peers and the Labour Party Peers.The great changes of English aristocratic hierarchy with the ranks is mainly have taken place in five times:the first was in the Anglo Saxon age,second just after the Norman Conquer of 1066,the third one from 14 th to 15 th centuries,the fourth in the early 17 th century and the last in 1958.