略论宋代士大夫的“史学自觉”精神

On the “Historical Self-Conscious” Spirit of the Scholar-Officials of the Song Dynasty

明道、经世 ,这种史家最富历史责任感和时代感的主导意识 ,在宋代文人士大夫身上表现得异常浓郁和突出。他们从当时的社会情势出发 ,把关注社会现实的报国激情倾注于笔端 ,以期通过研究历史 ,思索解决社会危机、维持社会和谐与安定的途径和方案。他们在史学领域中建构的经世致用的鉴戒观 ,以道德为本位评判历史的义理观 ,有因有革的历史变易观 ,无不凸显出他们关注社会历史命运的“史学自觉”

Understanding the way and running the society well,which is the guiding consciousness of those historians having a sense of historical mission and a sense of times,is extraordinarily prominent in the scholar officials of the Song Dynasty.Starting from the actual social reality,they expressed their emotions to serve the country in writing,thinking out ways to maintain the harmony of society by carrying out historical studies.Their outstanding views in the area of historical studies fully embodied their“historical self conscious” spirit.