“实用”观念中的20世纪中国语言学

Practical Thinking and Chinese Linguistics in the 20 th Century

２０ 世纪中国语言学是在实用观念的影响下充分发展起来的学科。它适应社会发展的需求，以语言学学科理论的建设、“汉语拼音方案”的制订、现代汉民族共同语的确立、方言与民语的调查等多方面的应用性成果为社会提供了服务。“实用”观在中国古代语言学中有着悠久的传统，它是现代中国语言学发展的重要动力之一。但中国语言学对“实用”性的偏重，使它在实践中产生某些疏漏，对语言本质及理性抽象研究也存在某种淡漠的现象。

In the 20 th century Chinese linnguistics has fully developed under the influence of practical thinging. It has been adapted to the needs of social development and served the society with some practical activities.The main achievements include the building of the subject theories,the making of Chinese Phonetic Alphabet,the establishment of the common language of the Han nationality and the investigations of dialects and ethnic languages. The stress of practical thinging has long been a tradition in the history of Chinese linguistics.It also resulted in the oversight of and indifference to the rational and abstract research into the nature of language.