德国统一前联邦德国政治发展刍论

On the Evolution of Politics in the West Germany Before Unification

联邦德国是德国历史上第二次建立的资产阶级民主制度，它实现了资本主义经济繁荣与政治民主同步发展和良性互动，成为比较完全意义的现代国家。本文认为，联邦德国政治发展的基本轨迹和主要特点是始终坚持政治上的中间道路，维护资产阶级民主的基本制度。联邦德国没有走魏玛共和国的老路，主要原因有四：世界大战和战后对德国进行的改造；多数德国人正确总结了历史经验；社会市埸经济体制对社会矛盾的调节作用；

The consolidation of the democracy and the positive interaction between the political democracy and the economic prosperity in the Federal Republic of Germany are unprecedented in the German history. Such achievements are due to the basic orbit of her political development which is characterized by a middle-road politics, i.e. adhering to the established democracy and opposing both the ultra-rightists and the left revolutionaries. The reason for this are as follows: the effects of World War II and her reforms carried out by the Allies; the lessons drawn from history by the German people and their politicians; the system of the social-market economy contributing to the alleviation of some social contradictions; and the favorable international circumstances that conduced to the success of her democratic and peaceful development.