“大道”在人-言之际的双向运作——论海德格尔的语言本体论诗学观

Tao's Movement between Man and Language: Heidegger's Linguistic Ontology for Poetry

海德格尔在语言本体论层面上，从人与自然本体而非人与人之间关系角度出发，把语言与人相互作用活动中的“言”视作本体之“道”。诗歌作为一种本真的语言活动乃是大道在人－言之际的双向运作，既是大道（言）向人开道成道而由无声之音向人的有声之音转换生成的运作，又是人向大道归本而对道（言）之说作出诗意应答的运作。海氏开启的本体论诗学批评在现代处境中有重大的生存论意义，同时对汉民族古典诗学批评研究极具启发性。

Abstract Starting from the relations between man and nature rather than between man and man, Heidegger regards language as functioning at the interface of man and ontological Tao. As an essential linguistic representation, genuine poetry is the movement between man and Tao. In the course of this movement, Tao's silent sound becomes man's voice while man gives poetic response to Tao's call, and both obtain their essence respectively. Heidegger's linguistic ontology for poetry signifies much both to the existence of modern man and to the study of Chinese classical criticism on poetry.