五十年来经济体制变迁的历史思考

Historical Considerations into Transition of Economic System in the past 50 Years since the Founding of the People's Republic of China

本文认为：新中国成立５０ 年来的经济制度变迁，是一场连续进行的经济革命，要理解这场革命，必须通过中国两千五百多年封建经济历史和近代以来半殖民地半封建经济历史来理解；两千五百多年前，在向交换经济转变的过程中，由于经济制度的报酬递增效应，中国》锁定＂于封建经济状态，而近代以来外国资本主义经济的入侵所带来的市场经济因素增长作为一种外生性的制度变迁，与中国本土的传统制度形成冲突，所以不能实现向市场经济的过渡；新中国的建立彻底打破了这种》锁定＂状态，从根本上消除了封建传统经济体制的基础，并通过计划经济体制的建立，彻底清除了无法成长的外生性市场因素，建立了一个》非市场＂ 的经济，正是在这样的基础上，市场经济才得以重新孕育或再生；中国的经济体制变迁，离不开中国历史所确定的轨道，建立有中国特色的社会主义市场经济体制是中国人民的必然选择。

The author maintains that the transition of economic systems in the past 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China has been a continuous economic revolution. It can be understood only in the light of the 2500 years of feudal economic history and the semi feudal and semi colonial history of the modern era. The progressive increase of reward in the 2500 year course of transition to exchange economy resulted in China being “locked' in the stage of feudal economy. In addition, the rise of elements of market economy brought about by capitalist economic invasion since the modern era were in contradiction to the traditional local economy, making the transition to market economy impossible to achieve. However, this “locked' situation was broken through by the founding of the People's Republic of China when the basis of feudal economy was smashed. With the establishment of planned economy the foreign borne elements of market economy, whose development had been handicaped, were completely wiped out. Thus a “non market' economy was set up instead. It is based on this foundation that a market economy is able to be re born and revive today. The historic course of future transition of economic system in China, the author points out, will be following the path determined by the Chinese history. And constructing socialist market economy characteristic of Chinese style is the inevitable choice of the Chinese people.