当代中国环境问题的八大社会特征

Eight Major Social Features of Environment Issues in Contemporary China

本文认为，环境问题与人类的社会经济活动密切相关，因而，环境问题具有重要的社会特征。当代中国环境问题的八大社会特征为：随着社会转型的加速进行，环境问题日益严重；环境问题不仅表现为人（社会）与自然的矛盾，而且越来越表现为人与人之间的矛盾；随着居民生活水平的提高，生活污染在环境问题中的分量加重；城市环境问题受到高度重视，并在局部有所缓解；农村环境问题失控，呈日益蔓延和加重的趋势；环境问题与贫困问题有形成恶性循环的趋势；公众环境意识水平低下；环境问题与其他社会问题交叉、重叠，解决的难度日益加大。

Abstract he author believes that environment issues are closely related to social and economic activities of mankind. Therefore, they are marked by important social features. Eight social features of environment issues in contemporary China are listed below. 1. With quickening steps of social transition environment problems are becoming more and more serious; 2. Environment problems are found not only in terms of contradictions between man (society) and nature, but also increasingly of conflicting human relationship; 3. As long as pollution is concerned, the proportion of pollution caused by daily life activities rises along with the rise of living standard of city dwellers; 4. Environment in the cities receives much attention and in certain places it has been greatly alleviated; 5. Environment in the countryside has gone out of control and there is evidence that it tends to spread out and the situation may get deteriorated; 6. There are signs that environment problems and poverty develop hand in hand and fall into a vicious cycle; 7. The sense of environment among citizens is low; 8. Environmental problems overlap and mix up with other social problems, making it even more difficult to solve. All these features are linked with the specific transition process of the Chinese society.