客家话的舌齿音声母及其演变——兼论客家话与北方话的分离年代

The Lingual-dental Initials in the Hakka Dialects and Their Evolution

本文探讨客家话各方言点知章精庄四组声母的状态及其演变，指出客家话不同方言点四组声母的现状是同一初始状态进一步演变的结果，并结合历史和现实的语言材料对演变过程作了细致的阐述。

This paper has examined the states and changes of the four groups - zhi, zhang, jing, zhuang - in the Hakka dialects and pointed out that the four types of initials developed from the same states. The paper has further explained the process of such changes according to the data collected in the historical and modern dialects and determined their divergence from the Northern dialect to be between the late Tang and the early Song dynasties.