中西文化差异与德文化交际

Cultural Differences and Cross-cultural Communication

语言和文化间的紧密关系不仅表现在语言是文化的载体，而且表现在文化对语言起着巨大的制约作用。在跨文化交际中，文化差异及不同的社会规约（Ｓｏｃｉａｌｎｏｒｍｓ）制约着交际双方的言语行为。本文沿着Ｓａｍｏｖａｒ＆ＰＯｒｔｅｒ的研究思路，着重比较了中西文化在价值观念、风俗习惯、谈话内容、言谈方式等四个方面的差异，指出了文化差异对跨文化交际所造成的负面影响，并探讨了因“文化错误”而造成的跨文化交际失败和交际冲突等问题的解决办法。

Abstract Language and culture are closely related. On the one hand , language is the carrier of culture ; on the oth-er hand ,culture plays a great role in res -tricting the language. When cross -cultural communication happens ,cul-tural differences and different social norms are restricting the speech acts of the communicators of both sides.Based on Samovar & Porter's thoughts,this paper intends to make a compa rative study between Chinese culture andwestern culture in the following four aspects ,i. e. culture value , custom , conversational topics and ways of speaking. It also points out the negative effects caused by culture differences to cross -cultural communication andprobes the solutions to problems of cross -cultural communication failure and conflict caused by 'culture mistake'.