文化传播与新文学的萌芽

Cultural Communication and the Shooting Forth of \ \ the New Literature

新文学的发生 ,在客观上经历了传教士———维新派士大夫———辛亥志士这一文化传播的三级跳过程 ,是域外文明的进入与绵延不断的传统文化碰撞的结果。文化传播媒介的平民化特质使文学创作者的身份普泛化、文学传播市场化、文学接受大众化 ,这是前所未有的变革。文化传播这一过程为新文学萌芽造就了一个新知识群体 ,他们将民主、科学的文化思潮带给了新文学 ;与此同时的域外文学翻译带来了中国文学观念的变革 ,使小说、戏曲由传统文学的婢女地位登上文坛的霸主宝座 ;自晚清开始的白话文运动一直到新文学的萌芽 ,是一个有机的发展过程。

The rise of the new literature,a result of collision between the introduced outside the country civilizations and the successive deep rooted traditional culture,had objectively undergone a triple jump process of cultrual propagation starting from missionaries through scholar officials of reform forces to people of high ideals and integrity who were devoted to the Chinese Revolution of 1911.The peculiarity of the mass media for spreading culture had brought about despecialization of the status of creative literary writers,marketization of literary dissemination,and popularization of literary receivers,all of these censtituting unprecedented changes.This process of cultural spreading led to the formation of a massive group of new knowledge for the shooting forth of the new literature ,and they took to the new literature the cultural and ideological trend of science and democracy. Meanwhile,the translation project beginning at about the same time gave rise to changes in notions of Chinese literature,thus causing novels and drama to ascend from the status of a servant girl in the traditional literature to that of an overlord in the world of Letters.It is a process of organic development beginning from the Vemacular Movement through to the shooting forth of the new literature.