“异类”的命运─—中国现代幻设型讽刺小说论

The Fate of the "Aliens

本文主要以老舍《猫城记》、沈从文《阿丽思中国游记》张天翼《鬼土日记》、张恨水《八十一梦》等作品为典型，提出了中国现代文学“幻设型讽刺小说”的论题并加以阐释与剖析，探讨了这一类型小说的历史源流，指出了它在现代时期在现实性、深刻性、悲剧性等审美特色方面对以往作品的突破，并且借助它作为传统文学创作、批评中的“异类”角色所遭受的历史命运，提出了进一步的思考。

The present article deals with the fantastic-sarcastic novels in modern Chinese literature, taking as examples Lao She's The City of Cats, Shen Congwen's Alice's Adventure in China, Zhang Tianyi's Diary in Ghosts' Land, and Zhang Henshui's Eighty-one Dreams. The author renders a deep understanding and analysis of this kind of novels, clarifies its germination and course of development, points out its breakthrough in the reflection of reality, the display of deep insights, the tragic awareness and aesthetic traits. Finally, the author expresses concern for the fate of such 'aliens' of novels as examined from the conventional point of view in literary creation and criticism.